Hebatitis B Virus Genotypes in Pakistan

Genotype A is common in Brazil, North America, Northwest Europe, South Asia, Central Africa, Tunisia and Benin [2,4,5]. Genotype B is common in China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam and United States of America. Genotype C is prevalent in Australia, Polynesia, Melanesia, Micronesia, Indonesia, China, Hong Kong, Vietnam, Thailand, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, India, Solomon Islands, Brazil and USA. Genotype D is predominant in Mediterranean region, Spain, Albania, Czech Republic, Russia, Turkey, Middle East, Iran, Afghanistan, India, Solomon Islands, Tunisia, Polynesia, Melanesia, Micronesia, Brazil and USA [6,7]. Genotype E is endemic to Africa where it occurs only in some countries of the Western part of the continent [6]. Genotype F is widely distributed in new world; it has been reported from Alaska, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Central America, Polynesia, South America and USA [8,3]. Genotypes G has been recorded from North America, France and Germany while genotype H is confined to Central America, South America and Mexico [9,10]. Genotypes I and J are confined to Vietnam and Japan, respectively [11,12].